Frostweed (Verbesina virginica) is a hardy native perennial found across Northern Virginia, especially in open woodlands, stream edges, and meadow margins where it thrives in dappled sunlight. It’s famous for producing delicate, ribbon-like sheets of ice that curl from cracks in its stems—a natural sculpture formed when sap freezes and expands overnight (pictured above). Beyond its visual surprise, frostweed plays an important ecological role by providing late-season nectar for pollinators, and seeds for birds and small mammals. Its deep roots also help stabilize soil, making it a quiet but valuable contributor to healthy native landscapes.

A dormancy period in a native garden is a vital pause that allows plants to conserve energy and prepare for strong spring growth. Leaf litter, standing stems, and undisturbed soil protect overwintering insects, native bees, and beneficial microbes that keep the ecosystem functioning. Cold exposure during this time also helps many native plants regulate their life cycles, triggering proper flowering and seed production later in the year. By letting the garden rest rather than “cleaning up,” you can support resilience, biodiversity, and long-term plant health.

Japanese pachysandra (Pachysandra terminalis), often planted as a tidy groundcover in Northern Virginia, has escaped gardens and become invasive in forested areas. It spreads aggressively by underground stems, forming dense mats that smother native wildflowers and prevent tree seedlings from establishing. Pachysandra also alters soil chemistry and microbial communities, making it harder for native plants to return even after removal. Its ability to thrive in deep shade gives it a competitive edge in our local woodlands, where it can quietly transform diverse forests into monocultures.